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Ousted Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro and his wife, Cilia Flores, are slated to face trial on U.S. drug trafficking charges beginning June 1, 2027, a judge announced Wednesday.

Appearing in beige prison garb, Maduro was escorted by U.S. marshals into a Manhattan courtroom for a hearing before U.S. District Judge Alvin Hellerstein. This proceeding marks one of the most consequential crimitnal cases in recent American history.

The 63-year-old Maduro and Flores, 69, were captured by U.S. commandos during a January 3 nighttime military raid on their heavily guarded Caracas home, an operation ordered by President Donald Trump.

The couple was brought to New York, where they had already been indicted on charges related to using their leadership positions to facilitate cocaine shipments.

Maduro and Flores have both pleaded not guilty. Maduro faces four felony counts, including narcoterrorism conspiracy and cocaine importation conspiracy. He could face a life sentence if convicted.

Demonstrators demanding the release of ousted Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro and his wife Cilia gather outside the New York City court (Reuters)

During Wednesday’s hearing, Defense lawyer Barry Pollack said he would seek to dismiss the case on the basis that Maduro should be immune from prosecution as the head of a sovereign state.

Does Maduro have head-of-state immunity?

A crucial legal battle is brewing for Maduro, who is set to challenge the legitimacy of his capture and the charges against him. Judge Hellerstein has scheduled a November 17 hearing to consider motions to dismiss the case.

During his initial court appearance on January 5, Maduro's lawyer, Pollack, indicated a potential challenge to the indictment, questioning the legality of his client's apprehension.

Maduro, a socialist leader of Venezuela from 2013 until his capture, declared himself a "prisoner of war" at that time.

He has consistently accused the United States of orchestrating his removal to seize control of the nation's vast oil reserves.

Conversely, the United States has labeled Maduro a corrupt dictator, attributing Venezuela's economic collapse to his mismanagement and accusing him of rigging the 2018 and 2024 re-election votes. Washington ceased recognizing him as Venezuela's legitimate president in 2019.

Ahead of the January raid that led to his capture, the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel issued an advisory opinion, stating that Trump could lawfully order the operation unilaterally. The opinion concluded that the action served a significant national interest and did not constitute a war requiring congressional approval.

Looking ahead, legal teams for both sides have agreed that Maduro may file additional legal motions by January 11, 2027, following the disclosure of any classified evidence by prosecutors for the defense's review.