Early intervention and continued therapies over time can produce meaningful and optimal outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorders, including better socialisation and communication skills, cognitive abilities, motor abilities and challenging behaviours.

However, as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition, the needs, strengths, challenges and aspirations of autistic individuals evolve over time, necessitating a comprehensive life-course approach that promotes continuous, coordinated, and person-centred support over the years into adulthood and beyond, experts pointed out at the national conclave on Life-course approach to ASD, organised by the Child Development Centre at Government Medical College here on Thursday.

Holistic care and support and continuous interventions are required for children with ASD, of whom, about 90% have at least one or two co-occurring medical or psychiatric conditions. It is important that these are detected and managed early, doctors said.

Comorbidities pattern

The comorbidities pattern is not static; it changes as the children grow and develop as adults. Puberty also affects the children and adolescents perceive social differences and peer comparisons, triggering anxiety and depression in them, all of which needs careful management.

A life-course approach recognises that optimal outcomes in autism are achieved through timely identification, early intervention, inclusive education, mental health care, social participation and healthy ageing.

The role of families, caregivers and the community in creating an enabling and empowering environment is critical to help autistic individuals achieve their full potential.

Continuity of care

Experts also pointed out that while awareness about ASD has increased and there are advanced diagnostics and therapeutic practices, significant gaps exist in ensuring continuity of care and support for children with ASD.

Experts who spoke on Thursday included M.K.C. Nair, founder-director of CDC; Paul Russell, senior professor in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, CMC Vellore; Lal D.V., secretary, Indian Academy of Paediatrics chapter of Neurodevelopmental Paediatrics; and Valsamma Eapen, professor and chair of Infant, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, among others.

The two-day conclave is bringing together clinicians, researchers, educators, therapists, policymakers, programme managers, and representatives from governmental and non-governmental sectors across the country.

Published - August 13, 2026 08:45 pm IST