Even famously pro-business Texas appears to be trying to get ahead of growing backlash against new data center developments.

Gov. Greg Abbott on Monday directed the Public Utility Commission of Texas (PUCT) and the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT), which operates most of the stateâs power grid, to conduct a comprehensive audit of data center projects currently seeking to connect to the ERCOT grid.

According to the governorâs office, the audit must be completed before any projects moving through ERCOTâs interconnection process can be approved. Projects that fail to comply with requirements set by state regulators will be denied a connection to the grid.

Regulators must also collect information about each projectâs expected electricity demand, how much power it plans to generate itself, its water use, and any tax incentives or other public subsidies it may receive. Developers will also have to explain how they plan to reduce noise, light pollution, traffic, and other effects on nearby communities.

The move comes as nearly every major tech company, including Meta, Amazon, Microsoft, Google, and OpenAI, is pouring billions of dollars into building out the infrastructure needed to train and run their competing AI models.

Texas has become a particularly attractive destination for data center projects. OpenAIâs flagship Stargate data center is located in Abilene. Meanwhile, the Data Center Map currently lists more than 500 facilities across the state, second only to Virginia. Still, that number could grow significantly in the years to come.

ERCOT is currently reviewing more than 474 gigawatts worth of requests from large electricity users seeking to connect to the grid. That is more than five times ERCOTâs record peak demand, and according to the governorâs office, roughly 90% of those requests come from data centers.

While many of those proposals will probably never get built, even a fraction of that proposed demand could place significant pressure on the stateâs power grid.

âOur top priority is to protect Texansâ safety and quality of life,â said Gov. Abbott in a press release. âAny project that fails to comply with the requirements set forth by the PUCT and ERCOT, and by state law, must be denied connection to the Texas grid. Simply put, Texans must come first.â

The order comes as these projects have also attracted growing backlash, especially from local residents worried about the strain these massive facilities could place on water supplies, power grids, and their communities. In some cases, that opposition has already helped defeat proposed data center projects.

While some lawmakers have called for a national moratorium on the construction or expansion of new AI data center projects, President Donald Trumpâs administration has taken a largely hands-off approach to regulating data center construction so far. Trump has largely argued that unfettered AI development is important for national security. âYou have to convince your communities how great these things are,â he recently told an audience when discussing data centers. âYou canât fight it. You have to go with it.â